Combination well driving and boring tool



Sept. 17, 1940. 'J MOQNEY COMBINATION WELL DRIVING AND BORING TOOL FiledApril 25, 1939 0 t n e w I am A tomeys Patented Sept. 17, 194A) PArlazlsrrA oFFlcE COLIBINATION WELL DRIVING ANDA BORING TOOL JohnMooney, Ionia, Mich. Application April 25, 1939, Serial-No. 269,971

Claims.

This invention relates to yoil well equipment, and has reference inparticular to what may be conveniently referred to' as a two-way orcombinattion rotating and reciprocating well driving and boring tool,that is, a structure which is calculated to properly respond to thedemands, according to the particular formation encountered during thesinking of the well.

It is recognized that certain earth formations lo are diiiicult to drillin, and for this reason different types of driving tools are employedfor these particular textures of earth. In other formations, however,the driving operation is found to be impractical, and therefore a rotarycutting or boring tool is necessary.' Thus, as indicated in the openingparagraph, I have combined ina single tool the driving and` boringfacilities whereby to permit sinking or drilling the well by theselective use of these driving and boring functions.

of the art toArealize that a combination tool of this two-way action isnot broadly new. Therefore, the novelty is predicated upon the specificconstructionwhich Ihave adopted to accomplish the results in a highlysatisfactory and reliable manner.

As will be hereinafter seen, novelty is predicated on a graduallyreceding simultaneously 3G turning drill construction wherein theinitial rblow causing descent of the bit is accomplished bgy amechanical hammer action, this being promptly followed by an additionalturning action brought about by'the specific construction of the drillbit in conjunction with a heavyv gravitating casing provided with meanscoacting with v the bit to produce the desired added turning results.

Other features and advantages will become accordance with the principlesof this invention.

Figures 2 and 3 are horizontal and vertical sections on the line 2-2and3-3 respectively of Figure l.

Figure 4 isa view showing the drill bit unit in elevation and showing afragmentary portion of the surrounding toothed drop weight tube.

I am sufficiently conversant withI the prior state more readily apparentfrom the following de- Figure 5 is a fragmentary elevational view ofsaid tube'per se.

Figure 6 is-a view like'Figure 3 showing the valve in the receiving andtrapping chamber in open position.

' Byway of introduction, it is to bel pointed ou that the subject matterof this application above referred to and hereinafter described andclaimed is a continuation in part` of my co-pending application'led byme January 21, 1938, and identifled as Serial No. 186,201, the samebeing voluntarily abandoned as of the date of this application toprovide the desired continuity.

Briefly, the construction to be hereinafter particularly described ischaracterized by a rotary and reciprocatory ribbed drilling head unit, aportion of which is formed into a shoulder and provided with turningteeth, there being a drill tube cooperable with said head and includingteeth cooperatingwith the teeth on said head, and hammer-like drivingmeans confined Wholly withinthe tube, this having driving and toothedcoaction with an upstanding tubular extension on the drill head unit,all of the parts being coordinateciI for properly timed coaction to`develop the progressive reciprocating and turning motion.

Referring now to the drawing by detailingreference numerals, the drillhead unit or means is referred to broadly by, the' numeral 1.'I'hiscomprises the drill head proper 8, the same being centrally boredand having its lower end flared and provided. with spiral turningribs 9.Rising from the ce tral portion of the head is atubular impact re ivingand turning extension I Il having a series of properly inclined andproportioned teeth II= on its upper end. Above the shouldered-portion I2of the head is a screwthreaded portion I 3 and above this a series of-upstanding lcircumierentially spaced V-shaped teethM.v

As shownto advantage in Figure 1, alsleeve I5 is threaded on the part I3and rises in concentric spaced relation around the tubular extension I0.Al ring I6 is threaded into the upper end of the sleeve and thisfunctions as a stop shoulder or abutment for an annulus or companionring I1 secured to the'lower end portibn of the socalled drill tube orcasing I8. The latter part surrounds the extension III and rises-aboveit to the surface of the ground (not shown). It will be s, noted thatthe lowerl end of the casing is provided l with teeth Ila coacting withthe teeth I4. Also the toothed end of the ,casing is coniined within thesleeve I5 so that the .drill head is liftedfrom the well with thecasing.

`I call attention now to asectional or triplefpart impactl unit. This isassembledr within the connnes of the tubular casing I8 and rests uponand coacts with the upstanding tubular stem or extension I0. Thus thepart I0 serves as a blowreceiving and transmitting member for the drillhead 8. This hammer and impact assembly is characterized by an uppercylinder' I9 serving as a housing for the hammer 20, the latter beingsuspended on the lower end of an operating cable or equivalent element2|. Then` there is a second or lower cylinder 22 having ports 23 forescape of slush which backs up into the cylinder 22. Incidentally, thispart 22 may be further differentiated as a receiving chamber. At itslower end it is provided with teeth 24 shaped to match and coact withthe teeth II on the extension I0. Also at this point'I provide a tting25 to accommodate a ap valve 26, the latter -being hinged to the ttingas shown to advantage in Figures 1, 3 and 6. The valve is lifted oropened by the pressure of upwardly flowing slush material. It is swungto the open position as shown in Figure 6 when suicient material backsup through the extension II) an'd into the receiver 22. When, however,the entire device is lifted from the hole, the weight of the material inthe receiver closes the valve to trap and bring to the surface thesample 'of strata thus trapped. It will be noted that the adjacent endsof the cylinders I9 and 22 are provided with threaded abutment collars21 and28, there being a coupling 29 joining these cylinders together.The lower stem 30 on the coupling projects down into the receiver and isprovided with an abutment ring 3l engageable with the adjacent ring 28.There is also a similar extension 32 on the upper end of the couplingprovided with a shoulder or abutment ring 33. The coupling serves toswivelly connect the two sections I9 and 22V of said hammer impactreceiving and blow transmitting means.

In operation, when the hammer 2l) strikes the impact pin 32, thecoupling 29 transmits the blow to the impact receiving cylinder or tube22, which in turn, transmitsthe resultant effect of the blow to thedrill bit or head 8 through the-medium Vof the coacting upstandingextension Ill. At this time it is to be assumed that the teeth 24 areintermeshed or in engagement with the teeth II.

The spira1 ribs 9 in the bit cause the same to turn in acounterclockwise direction, as is obvious. Then as the bit drops awayfrom the lower end of the weighted follower vpipe or casing I8, theturning of the bit causes the teeth I4a. to rise on the pinnacle orcrest portions of the underlying teeth I4 on the drill bit. The teethare so arranged that the teeth I4 move out of engagement with thesuperposed teeth I4a. without interfering with the downward movement ofthe bit or the turning thereof. This same coaction of the teeth isobserved between the aforesaid teeth II and 24. Now when the heavyweighted casing or tube I8 drops of its own weight in the followeraction it is evident that the teeth I4a come into cam-like engagementwith the teeth I4 on the bit and cause the bit to rotate in the samedirection as was given thereto by the action of the' ribA I0. The sameis true of the cam coaction of the teeth 24 and II. Thus the ribs 9impart the initial rotary motion and the secondary progressive rotarymotion is accomplished by the coaction of the two sets of teeth and theprogressive dropping of the weight applying casing I8.

It is obvious that by swivelly connecting the casing; Is with thedruiiiead, the latter has iiidependent reciprocating and lrotary motion.'Ihe swivel connection also mechanically joins the drill unitto thelower end of the casing I8 so that when the latter is pulled from thewell the entire drill structure is lifted up.

It is believed that the progressive reciprocating and rotating coactiono f parts is clear from the drawings and description. The constructionof the impact unit comprising the upper and lower sections I9 and 22swivelly joined together by a coupling which transmits the blow to thedrill head or unit is also clear. Then too, the explanation of theself-operating trapping valve means inthe lower end of the cylinder 22appears to be clear. The drillings back up through the bit'into thereceiver 22 and after this is fully charged and the device is drawn orpulled to the surface, the cuttings can be emptied.

It is thought that the description taken in connection with the drawingswill enable a clear understanding of the inventionto behad. Therefore, amore lengthy description is thought unnecessary.

While the preferred embodiment of the invention has `been shown anddescribed, it is to be understood that minor changes coming within theeld of invention claimed may be resorted to if desired.

I claim.

1. A combined driving and boring tool for drilling wells comprising adrilling bit, a drillY tube, a toothed rotary driving connection betweenthe tube and bit, said bit being provided with an impact receivingshoulder, a sectional impact unit mounted in said drill tube, said unitincluding a coupling having a hammer pin, said coupling swivellyadjoining the complemental.

sections, and a reciprocatory cable 'controlled' hammer cooperable withsaid pin.

2. As a component part of anA assemblage of the class described, acylinder, a coupling detachably and swivelly connected with said cyl-d'mder, said' coupling being `of solid formation and provided with areduced concentrically disposed upstanding impact pin, a cablecontrolled reciprocatory hammer, a pipe-length forming a casing fon saidhammer, said casing resting lon said coupling and surrounding inconcentric relation said pin.

3. In a driving and boring tool of the class mer, an impact pin, andmeans for transmitting the blow from the pin directly to the shoulder onsaid head. 4

4. As a new article of manufacture, and as a component part of acombined driving and boring tool for drilling wells,` a drill head unitcomprising a bit centrally bored and provided withV spiral drilling andturning ribs, said bit being provided with a concentric upstandingtubular extension, said extension being provided on its upper end withimpact receiving and turning teeth, the upper part of said drill bithaving a screw-threaded shoulder and upstanding circumferentially spacedteeth, a sleeve connected to -said drill bit and concentricallysurrounding the tubular extension and teeth described, a drilling headincluding a shouldered carried by said drill bit, said sleeve beingadapted to function as a housing for the lower toothed end of anassociated weight 'applying casing.

5. As a component part of an assemblage of the class described, animpact receiving and blow transmitting unit comprising a 'cylinder,

the lower end of said cylinder being .toothed and provided with anautomatically operable iiap

